CASE tools and OOP

What is CASE?

also known as a computer chassis, tower, system unit, cabinet, or base unit, is the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer(usually excluding the display, keyboard and mouse)

What is OOP?

Object-oriented programming (OOP) refers to a type of computer programming (software design) in which programmers define not only the data type of a data structure, but also the types of operations (functions) that can be applied to the data structure.

How does CASE assist programmers?

Two resources that help software development include CASE tools (key term) and object-oriented software development

1) CASE: tools help automate the process of designing, coding and testing activities.

2) OOP: program is organized into objects.

Each object (key term) contains both data and processing operations necessary to perform a task

Object-oriented software development (key term) – process by which program is organized into objects

OOP (key term) uses modules called objects that are reusable, self-contained components. Presume that certain functions are the same, so instructions are used in variety of software. C++ one of most widely used OOP languages.

What is the difference between compiler and interpreter?

We generally write a computer program using a high-level language. A high-level language is one which is understandable by us humans. It contains words and phrases from the English (or other) language. But a computer does not understand high-level language. It only understands program written in 0's and 1's in binary, called the machine code. A program written in high-level language is called a source code. We need to convert the source code into machine code and this is accomplished by compilers and interpreters. Hence, a compiler or an interpreter is a program that converts program written in high-level language into machine code understood by the computer.

The difference between an interpreter and a compiler is given below;

1) Compiler

(i) Scans the entire program and translates it as a whole into machine code.

(ii) It takes large amount of time to analyze the source code but the overall execution time is comparatively faster.

(iii) Generates intermediate object code which further requires linking, hence

requires more memory.

(vi) It generates the error message only after scanning the whole program. Hence debugging is comparatively hard.

(vii) Programming language like C, C++ use compilers.

2) Interpreter

(i) Translates program one statement at a time.

(ii) It takes less amount of time to analyze the source code but the overall

execution time is slower.

(iii) No intermediate object code is generated, hence are memory efficient.

(vi) Continues translating the program until the first error is met, in which case it stops. Hence debugging is easy.

(vii) Programming language like Python, Ruby use interpreters.

What are logic structures?

One of the three basic logic structures in computer programming. The other two logic structures are selection and loop. In a sequence structure, an action, or event, leads to the next ordered action in a predetermined order.

The difference between the three logic types?

There are three – sequence, selection, and repetition

Sequential structure: one program statement follows another

Selection: occurs when a decision needs to be made; IF-THEN-ELSE (key term)

Repetition or loop structure: describes a repeated process

Variations include:

1- DO UNTIL

2- DO WHILE